| chimera | genetic code | pluripotence | species |
| DNA | genetically modified organism | protein | stem cell |
| donor organism | germ line | recipient organism | totipotence |
| embryo | GMO | retrovirus | trait |
| embryonic stem cell | in vitro | reverse transcriptase | transgene |
| fertilization | in vitro fertilization | reverse transcription | transgenesis |
| gamete | microinjection | RNA | transgenic |
| gene | model organism | somatic cell | virus |