| Gregor Mendel | Allele | Haploid | Non-Mendelian inheritance |
| Carpel | Dominant | Ploidy | Codominance |
| Stamen | Recessive | Inheritance | Multiple alleles |
| Stigma | Genotype | Locus | Incomplete dominance |
| Anther | Phenotype | Chromosome | Complete dominance |
| Pollen | Genotypic ratio | Homozygous | Polygenic inheritance |
| P generation | Phenotypic ratio | Heterozygous | Epistasis |
| F1 generation | Punnett square | Monohybrid cross | Antigen |
| F2 generation | Fertilization | Dihybrid cross | Antibody |
| Characteristic | Zygote | Test cross | Plasma |
| Trait | Gamete | Mutant | Amniocentesis |
| Gene | Diploid | Mendelian inheritance | Chorionic villus sampling |